临床军医杂志投稿须知

腰椎间盘突出较大,突破后纵韧带脱出到椎管内,部分游离甚至完全游离到椎管内,造成腰椎管明显狭窄,对腰骶神经根压迫和刺激更大,临床表现更重,所以有学者称其为巨大型腰椎间盘突出症(简称巨大型腰突症).骨伤科医师认为此种腰突症一旦确诊,就应该尽快手术治疗.我们在2012年12月-2013年3月收治3例巨大型腰突症,采用脊柱定点旋转复位法[1]为主的综合疗法治疗,全部达到临床治愈,分别在治疗后2个多月、4、8个月后复查腰椎MRI,发现手法治疗前巨大的腰椎间盘突出影像消失了,现报道如下.     

慢性颈腰痛患者心理状况特点分析

目的应用SCL-90和SSRS研究慢性颈腰痛患者心理特点,提高慢性颈腰痛诊治水平。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),社会支持评定量表(SSRS),对217例患者的心理健康状况进行测验,并进行t检验和相关分析。结果患者躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖、偏执等因子分和总分、总均分明显高于常模(P0.01),强迫因子分高于常模(P0.05);心理健康状况与主观支持分和总分成明显的负相关,与病程呈明显的正相关。结论慢性颈腰痛患者病程可降低影响患者心理状况评分,主观支持可提高患者心理状况评分。     

飞行员EDTA依赖性假性血小板减少症一例的诊断及文献复习

目的 通过分析飞行员EDTA依赖性假性血小板减少症,为准确诊断血小板减少症提供依据. 方法 对1名用血细胞分析仪检出血小板减少症的飞行员,用手工法对血小板计数进行复查,将EDTA与枸橼酸、肝素抗凝血进行对比,血涂片染色观察血小板聚集情况. 结果 EDTA可诱发血小板聚集,导致假性血小板减少症,可通过枸橼酸、肝素抗凝血检测进行鉴别.采血后即刻用仪器检验或手工检验,有助于避免假性诊断.经手工核查排除假性血小板减少症后,该飞行员被认定飞行合格,飞行10h未发现出血现象和其他不适. 结论 对于飞行人员血小板减少症,应考虑EDTA诱导的假性血小板减少症的可能.建议在采血即刻即进行分析仪检验,或采用手工方法对血小板减少症进行复核,以此来避免误诊、误治及错误的飞行鉴定结论 .     

飞行员EDTA依赖性假性血小板减少症一例的诊断及文献复习

目的 通过分析飞行员EDTA依赖性假性血小板减少症,为准确诊断血小板减少症提供依据. 方法 对1名用血细胞分析仪检出血小板减少症的飞行员,用手工法对血小板计数进行复查,将EDTA与枸橼酸、肝素抗凝血进行对比,血涂片染色观察血小板聚集情况. 结果 EDTA可诱发血小板聚集,导致假性血小板减少症,可通过枸橼酸、肝素抗凝血检测进行鉴别.采血后即刻用仪器检验或手工检验,有助于避免假性诊断.经手工核查排除假性血小板减少症后,该飞行员被认定飞行合格,飞行10h未发现出血现象和其他不适. 结论 对于飞行人员血小板减少症,应考虑EDTA诱导的假性血小板减少症的可能.建议在采血即刻即进行分析仪检验,或采用手工方法对血小板减少症进行复核,以此来避免误诊、误治及错误的飞行鉴定结论 . Abstract： Objective To provide evidence for accurately diagnosing thrombocytopenia in pilot by analyzing ethylene diamine tetreacetic acid (EDTA) dependent pseudothrombocytopenia.Methods A pilot was diagnosed as thrombocytopenia by EDTA count with hematology analyzer and his platelet was rechecked by manual test.The smears of citrate-and heparin-treated blood were taken for comparing the platelet aggregation. Results EDTA could induce platelet aggregation and cause pseudothrombocytopenia and that could be distinguished by the manual test of citrate-or heparin-treated blood.Testing of EDTA-treated blood by instrument shortly after sampling or manual test would be helpful to avoid such phenomenon. The pilot was qualified after re-examination by manual test of platelet.He was not found any hemorrhage and other discomfort in 10-hour flight. Conclusions EDTA dependent pseudo-thrombocytopenia may be resulted from instrument examination.Platelet counting immediately after blood sampling or rechecking by manual test for the flying personnel.who was diagnosed as thrombocytopenia by EDTA-treated blood counting,is suggested to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and to avoid misdiagnosis and wrong medical evaluation.     

高性能战斗机飞行员腰椎间盘突出症患者SF-36量表评价的可靠性研究

目的 研究健康调查简表(short-form 36 health survey scale,SF-36)用于高性能战斗机飞行员腰椎间盘突出症患者生命质量评价的可靠性.方法 43名高性能战斗机飞行员腰椎间盘突出症患者保守治疗前后进行SF-36量表躯体健康评分(physical component summary,PCS)和心理健康评分(mental component summary,MCS)、拉塞格试验角度(angle of Laseque,AL)测量、日本骨科学会腰椎手术疗效评分(Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores for assessment of lumbar myelopathy,JOA),并对结果进行分析.结果 信度指标评价中克朗巴赫系数α均大于0.78,分半信度均大于0.85,组内相关系数(intra-class correlation,ICC)均大于0.68.效度指标除总体健康(general health,GH)外,其他维度中各条目成维成功率均在100%.治疗前患者SF-36量表PCS评分、MCS评分、AL和JOA评分分别为35.25±7.04、42.39±11.35、56.30°±12.67°和25.70±3.40,治疗后患者各项数据分别为50.57±8.63、49.49±7.90、81.60°±20.48°和31.20±3.89.治疗前后各项数据比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.364～20.633,P＜0.05).PCS差值与AL、JOA差值的相关系数分别为0.587、0.586;MCS差值与AL差值、JOA差值相关系数分别为0.741、0.691.结论 SF-36应用于高性能战斗机飞行员腰椎间盘突出症患者评价时,信度和效度较高;PCS差值、MCS差值与AL差值、JOA评分差值之间相关性强.SF-36用于评价高性能战斗机飞行员腰椎间盘突出症的疗效时结果可靠,可用于治疗结果评价参考. Abstract： Objective To evaluate the validity of applying short-form 36 health survey scale (SF-36) on assessing high-performance fighter pilots with lumbar disc protrusion. Methods Before and after expectant treatment 43 high-performance fighter pilots, who were with lumbar disc protrusion, were evaluated by SF-36 in form of physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS). Other assessments, such as angle of Lasque (AL) and Japanese Orthopaedics Association scores for assessment of lumbar myelopathy (JOA) were also conducted for comparison. The changes of PCS, MCS, AL and JOA that were made by treatment, as well as the correlation of the varieties between SF-36 and other assessments were statistically analyzed by SPSS 11.0. Results In reliability assessments, the Cronbach's α coefficient, test-retest correlation coefficient and intra-class correlation (ICC) was respectively in range of 0. 78 to 0. 86, 0. 85 to 0.98 and 0.68 to 0.88. The rates of succeeded entries all reached 100% except on general health (GH)dimensionality. Before expectant treatment PCS, MCS, AL and JOA was 35.25 ± 7.04, 42. 39 ±11.35, 56.3°+12. 67° and 25. 70±3.40 respectively comparing to 50. 57±8. 63, 49. 49±7. 90,81.60°± 20. 48° and 31. 20±3. 89 after expectant treatment. All assessments showed significant differences when comparing the effects of expectant treatment (t = 2. 364-20.633, P＜0.05). The difference correlation coefficient of PCS to AL and JOA was 0. 587 and 0. 586 respectively, while the MCS's to AL and JOA was 0. 741 and 0. 691. Conclusions The reliability and validity of applying SF-36 on assessing the quality of life for the high performance fighter pilots with lumbar disc protrusion are comparatively high. PCS and MCS assessments could reflect the variation of AL and JOA since the high correlation. SF-36 could be reliably used for assessing curative effect for the pilot with lumbar disc protrusion.     

慢性颈腰痛患者社会支持和人格特征对心理状况影响

目的:研究慢性颈腰痛患者社会支持和人格特征对心理状况的影响,提高慢性颈腰痛整体诊治水平。方法:2009年8月至2010年4月,将231例慢性颈腰痛患者纳入研究中(获得217份有效问卷),男123例,女94例,年龄15～66岁,平均(38.00±5.67)岁。用社会支持评定量表(Social Support Rating Scale,SSRS),卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire,16PF)及心理状况自评量表(Symptom Checklist-90,SCL-90)对其心理和社会支持状况进行调查及测量,比较心理状况、人格特征和常模(又称测验常模,指一定人群在测验所测特性上的普遍水平或水平分布状况)之间的差异,分析社会支持和人格特征对心理状况的影响,并与常模进行比较。结果:获得有效问卷217份。患者16PF中聪慧性、稳定性、兴奋性、有恒性、敢为性、怀疑性、世故性、实验性、独立性、紧张性因子分明显高于常模(P<0.01);SCL-90中躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖、偏执等因子分和总分、总均分明显高于常模(P<0.01),强迫因子分高于常模(P<0.05)。社会支持主观支持分和总分对心理状况有正面影响,人格特征中的聪慧性、稳定性、有恒性、自律性对患者心理状况有正面影响,世故性、忧虑性对患者心理状况有负面影响。结论:慢性颈腰痛患者人格特征和心理状况与常模间差异明显,可以通过提高社会支持、改变患者人格特征来改善患者心理状况评分,提高慢性颈腰痛综合治疗水平。